Volvo XC60 Curb Weight in Easy-to-Read Graphs


Average weight of Volvo XC60

2018 XC60 II

Quick notes on Volvo XC60 weight

    • Average weight for generation: 2016 kg (4445 lbs)
    • Difference from world average: 533 kg or 1175 lbs heavier
    • Difference from world's heaviest: 2277 kg or 5021 lbs lighter
    • Load to one wheel: 504 kg (1111 lbs)
    • Maximum allowable weight: 2391 kg (5272 lbs)
    • Weight to torque ratio: 5 kg per 1 Nm
    • Weight to length ratio: 2.3 mm per 1 kg
    • Engine capacity to weight: 1 cc per 1 kg
    • Pounds per 1 kW: 25 lbs/kW
    • Weightly rating: 10 / 10

2018 Volvo XC60 curb weight

  • 2.0 T8 —2081 kg (4589 lbs)
  • 2.0 T5 —1927 kg (4249 lbs)
  • 2.0 D4 —1921 kg (4236 lbs)
  • 2.0 T6 —2016 kg (4445 lbs)
  • 2.0 D5 —2051 kg (4522 lbs)
  • 2.0 D3 —1920 kg (4234 lbs)
  • 2.0 T8 Twin Engine —2223 kg (4902 lbs)
  • 2.0 T4 —1927 kg (4249 lbs)
  • 2.0 B4 —1950 kg (4300 lbs)
  • 2.0 B5 —1950 kg (4300 lbs)
  • Polestar 2.0 T8 —2215 kg (4884 lbs)

    2018 Volvo XC60 weight to consumption ratio

  • 2.0 T8 —19 kg/mpg (42 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 T5 —58 kg/mpg (128 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 D4 —40 kg/mpg (88 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 T6 —65 kg/mpg (143 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 D5 —49 kg/mpg (108 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 D3 —41 kg/mpg (90 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 T8 Twin Engine —22 kg/mpg (49 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 T4 —58 kg/mpg (128 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 B4 —46 kg/mpg (101 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 B5 —46 kg/mpg (101 lbs/mpg)
  • Polestar 2.0 T8 —19 kg/mpg (42 lbs/mpg)

    2018 Volvo XC60 weight to consumption ratio

  • 2.0 T8 is 40.3% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 T5 is 29.9% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 D4 is 29.5% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 T6 is 35.9% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 D5 is 38.3% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 D3 is 29.5% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 T8 Twin Engine is 49.9% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 T4 is 29.9% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 B4 is 31.5% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 B5 is 31.5% heavier tran average
  • Polestar 2.0 T8 is 49.4% heavier tran average
  • Vehicle Curb weight Difference from world's smallest Weight to power ratio 0—60 mph acceleration ratio Consumption ratio
    2.0 T8 2081 kg /
    4589 lbs
    1656 kg (3652 lbs) heavier 7 kg to 1 hp 416 kg/s (917 lbs/s) 991 kg/L
    (2185 lbs/L)
    2.0 T5 1927 kg /
    4249 lbs
    1502 kg (3312 lbs) heavier 8 kg to 1 hp 292 kg/s (644 lbs/s) 271 kg/L
    (598 lbs/L)
    2.0 D4 1921 kg /
    4236 lbs
    1496 kg (3299 lbs) heavier 10 kg to 1 hp 229 kg/s (505 lbs/s) 392 kg/L
    (864 lbs/L)
    2.0 T6 2016 kg /
    4445 lbs
    1591 kg (3508 lbs) heavier 7 kg to 1 hp 360 kg/s (794 lbs/s) 269 kg/L
    (593 lbs/L)
    2.0 D5 2051 kg /
    4522 lbs
    1626 kg (3585 lbs) heavier 9 kg to 1 hp 302 kg/s (666 lbs/s) 366 kg/L
    (807 lbs/L)
    2.0 D3 1920 kg /
    4234 lbs
    1495 kg (3297 lbs) heavier 13 kg to 1 hp 198 kg/s (437 lbs/s) 384 kg/L
    (847 lbs/L)
    2.0 T8 Twin Engine 2223 kg /
    4902 lbs
    1798 kg (3965 lbs) heavier 7 kg to 1 hp 428 kg/s (944 lbs/s) 967 kg/L
    (2132 lbs/L)
    2.0 T4 1927 kg /
    4249 lbs
    1502 kg (3312 lbs) heavier 10 kg to 1 hp 257 kg/s (567 lbs/s) 271 kg/L
    (598 lbs/L)
    2.0 B4 1950 kg /
    4300 lbs
    1525 kg (3363 lbs) heavier 10 kg to 1 hp 247 kg/s (545 lbs/s) 348 kg/L
    (767 lbs/L)
    2.0 B5 1950 kg /
    4300 lbs
    1525 kg (3363 lbs) heavier 8 kg to 1 hp 291 kg/s (642 lbs/s) 348 kg/L
    (767 lbs/L)
    Polestar 2.0 T8 2215 kg /
    4884 lbs
    1790 kg (3947 lbs) heavier 7 kg to 1 hp 434 kg/s (957 lbs/s) 1108 kg/L
    (2443 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 T8
    Curb weight 2081 kg /
    4589 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1656 kg (1656 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 7 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 416 kg/s (917 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 991 kg/L
    (2185 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 T5
    Curb weight 1927 kg /
    4249 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1502 kg (1502 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 8 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 292 kg/s (644 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 271 kg/L
    (598 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 D4
    Curb weight 1921 kg /
    4236 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1496 kg (1496 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 10 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 229 kg/s (505 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 392 kg/L
    (864 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 T6
    Curb weight 2016 kg /
    4445 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1591 kg (1591 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 7 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 360 kg/s (794 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 269 kg/L
    (593 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 D5
    Curb weight 2051 kg /
    4522 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1626 kg (1626 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 9 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 302 kg/s (666 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 366 kg/L
    (807 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 D3
    Curb weight 1920 kg /
    4234 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1495 kg (1495 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 13 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 198 kg/s (437 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 384 kg/L
    (847 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 T8 Twin Engine
    Curb weight 2223 kg /
    4902 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1798 kg (1798 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 7 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 428 kg/s (944 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 967 kg/L
    (2132 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 T4
    Curb weight 1927 kg /
    4249 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1502 kg (1502 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 10 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 257 kg/s (567 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 271 kg/L
    (598 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 B4
    Curb weight 1950 kg /
    4300 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1525 kg (1525 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 10 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 247 kg/s (545 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 348 kg/L
    (767 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 B5
    Curb weight 1950 kg /
    4300 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1525 kg (1525 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 8 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 291 kg/s (642 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 348 kg/L
    (767 lbs/L)
    Vehicle Polestar 2.0 T8
    Curb weight 2215 kg /
    4884 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1790 kg (1790 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 7 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 434 kg/s (957 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 1108 kg/L
    (2443 lbs/L)

    2014 XC60 I (2013 facelift)

    Quick notes on Volvo XC60 weight

      • Average weight for generation: 1837 kg (4051 lbs)
      • Difference from world average: 354 kg or 781 lbs heavier
      • Difference from world's heaviest: 2608 kg or 5751 lbs lighter
      • Load to one wheel: 459 kg (1013 lbs)
      • Maximum allowable weight: 2212 kg (4877 lbs)
      • Weight to torque ratio: 5 kg per 1 Nm
      • Weight to length ratio: 2.5 mm per 1 kg
      • Engine capacity to weight: 1.2 cc per 1 kg
      • Pounds per 1 kW: 25 lbs/kW
      • Weightly rating: 10 / 10

    2013 Volvo XC60 curb weight

  • 2.0 T5 —1834 kg (4044 lbs)
  • 2.0 D4 Bi-Turbo —1834 kg (4044 lbs)
  • 2.0 T6 —1834 kg (4044 lbs)
  • 2.4 D4 —1892 kg (4172 lbs)
  • 2.4 D5 Bi-Turbo —1816 kg (4004 lbs)
  • 2.0 D3 —1826 kg (4026 lbs)
  • 2.5 T5 —1816 kg (4004 lbs)
  • 2.0 D4 —1843 kg (4064 lbs)
  • 3.0 T6 —1835 kg (4046 lbs)

    2013 Volvo XC60 weight to consumption ratio

  • 2.0 T5 —59 kg/mpg (130 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 D4 Bi-Turbo —37 kg/mpg (82 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 T6 —59 kg/mpg (130 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.4 D4 —43 kg/mpg (95 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.4 D5 Bi-Turbo —49 kg/mpg (108 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 D3 —47 kg/mpg (104 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.5 T5 —70 kg/mpg (154 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 D4 —47 kg/mpg (104 lbs/mpg)
  • 3.0 T6 —83 kg/mpg (183 lbs/mpg)

    2013 Volvo XC60 weight to consumption ratio

  • 2.0 T5 is 23.7% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 D4 Bi-Turbo is 23.7% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 T6 is 23.7% heavier tran average
  • 2.4 D4 is 27.6% heavier tran average
  • 2.4 D5 Bi-Turbo is 22.5% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 D3 is 23.1% heavier tran average
  • 2.5 T5 is 22.5% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 D4 is 24.3% heavier tran average
  • 3.0 T6 is 23.7% heavier tran average
  • Vehicle Curb weight Difference from world's smallest Weight to power ratio 0—60 mph acceleration ratio Consumption ratio
    2.0 T5 1834 kg /
    4044 lbs
    1409 kg (3107 lbs) heavier 7 kg to 1 hp 270 kg/s (595 lbs/s) 245 kg/L
    (540 lbs/L)
    2.0 D4 Bi-Turbo 1834 kg /
    4044 lbs
    1409 kg (3107 lbs) heavier 10 kg to 1 hp 238 kg/s (525 lbs/s) 390 kg/L
    (860 lbs/L)
    2.0 T6 1834 kg /
    4044 lbs
    1409 kg (3107 lbs) heavier 6 kg to 1 hp 278 kg/s (613 lbs/s) 238 kg/L
    (525 lbs/L)
    2.4 D4 1892 kg /
    4172 lbs
    1467 kg (3235 lbs) heavier 12 kg to 1 hp 189 kg/s (417 lbs/s) 357 kg/L
    (787 lbs/L)
    2.4 D5 Bi-Turbo 1816 kg /
    4004 lbs
    1391 kg (3067 lbs) heavier 8 kg to 1 hp 230 kg/s (507 lbs/s) 284 kg/L
    (626 lbs/L)
    2.0 D3 1826 kg /
    4026 lbs
    1401 kg (3089 lbs) heavier 13 kg to 1 hp 172 kg/s (379 lbs/s) 304 kg/L
    (670 lbs/L)
    2.5 T5 1816 kg /
    4004 lbs
    1391 kg (3067 lbs) heavier 7 kg to 1 hp 271 kg/s (598 lbs/s) 204 kg/L
    (450 lbs/L)
    2.0 D4 1843 kg /
    4064 lbs
    1418 kg (3127 lbs) heavier 11 kg to 1 hp 188 kg/s (415 lbs/s) 307 kg/L
    (677 lbs/L)
    3.0 T6 1835 kg /
    4046 lbs
    1410 kg (3109 lbs) heavier 6 kg to 1 hp 278 kg/s (613 lbs/s) 171 kg/L
    (377 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 T5
    Curb weight 1834 kg /
    4044 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1409 kg (1409 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 7 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 270 kg/s (595 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 245 kg/L
    (540 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 D4 Bi-Turbo
    Curb weight 1834 kg /
    4044 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1409 kg (1409 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 10 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 238 kg/s (525 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 390 kg/L
    (860 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 T6
    Curb weight 1834 kg /
    4044 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1409 kg (1409 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 6 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 278 kg/s (613 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 238 kg/L
    (525 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.4 D4
    Curb weight 1892 kg /
    4172 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1467 kg (1467 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 12 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 189 kg/s (417 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 357 kg/L
    (787 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.4 D5 Bi-Turbo
    Curb weight 1816 kg /
    4004 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1391 kg (1391 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 8 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 230 kg/s (507 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 284 kg/L
    (626 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 D3
    Curb weight 1826 kg /
    4026 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1401 kg (1401 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 13 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 172 kg/s (379 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 304 kg/L
    (670 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.5 T5
    Curb weight 1816 kg /
    4004 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1391 kg (1391 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 7 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 271 kg/s (598 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 204 kg/L
    (450 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 D4
    Curb weight 1843 kg /
    4064 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1418 kg (1418 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 11 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 188 kg/s (415 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 307 kg/L
    (677 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 3.0 T6
    Curb weight 1835 kg /
    4046 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1410 kg (1410 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 6 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 278 kg/s (613 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 171 kg/L
    (377 lbs/L)

    2009 XC60 I

    Quick notes on Volvo XC60 weight

      • Average weight for generation: 1778 kg (3920 lbs)
      • Difference from world average: 295 kg or 650 lbs heavier
      • Difference from world's heaviest: 2675 kg or 5899 lbs lighter
      • Load to one wheel: 445 kg (980 lbs)
      • Maximum allowable weight: 2153 kg (4747 lbs)
      • Weight to torque ratio: 5 kg per 1 Nm
      • Weight to length ratio: 2.6 mm per 1 kg
      • Engine capacity to weight: 1.4 cc per 1 kg
      • Pounds per 1 kW: 26 lbs/kW
      • Weightly rating: 10 / 10

    2010 Volvo XC60 curb weight

  • 2.4 D5 —1794 kg (3956 lbs)
  • 2.4D —1816 kg (4004 lbs)
  • 3.0 T6 —1823 kg (4020 lbs)
  • 3.2 —1810 kg (3991 lbs)
  • 2.4D DRIVe —1825 kg (4024 lbs)
  • 2.0 D3 —1728 kg (3810 lbs)
  • 2.0 Drive —1719 kg (3790 lbs)
  • 2.4 D3 —1788 kg (3943 lbs)
  • 2.0 T5 —1698 kg (3744 lbs)

    2010 Volvo XC60 weight to consumption ratio

  • 2.4 D5 —44 kg/mpg (97 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.4D —65 kg/mpg (143 lbs/mpg)
  • 3.0 T6 —83 kg/mpg (183 lbs/mpg)
  • 3.2 —75 kg/mpg (165 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.4D DRIVe —47 kg/mpg (104 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 D3 —49 kg/mpg (108 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 Drive —42 kg/mpg (93 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.4 D3 —44 kg/mpg (97 lbs/mpg)
  • 2.0 T5 —61 kg/mpg (135 lbs/mpg)

    2010 Volvo XC60 weight to consumption ratio

  • 2.4 D5 is 21% heavier tran average
  • 2.4D is 22.5% heavier tran average
  • 3.0 T6 is 22.9% heavier tran average
  • 3.2 is 22% heavier tran average
  • 2.4D DRIVe is 23.1% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 D3 is 16.5% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 Drive is 15.9% heavier tran average
  • 2.4 D3 is 20.6% heavier tran average
  • 2.0 T5 is 14.5% heavier tran average
  • Vehicle Curb weight Difference from world's smallest Weight to power ratio 0—60 mph acceleration ratio Consumption ratio
    2.4 D5 1794 kg /
    3956 lbs
    1369 kg (3019 lbs) heavier 8 kg to 1 hp 233 kg/s (514 lbs/s) 315 kg/L
    (695 lbs/L)
    2.4D 1816 kg /
    4004 lbs
    1391 kg (3067 lbs) heavier 11 kg to 1 hp 175 kg/s (386 lbs/s) 219 kg/L
    (483 lbs/L)
    3.0 T6 1823 kg /
    4020 lbs
    1398 kg (3083 lbs) heavier 6 kg to 1 hp 264 kg/s (582 lbs/s) 170 kg/L
    (375 lbs/L)
    3.2 1810 kg /
    3991 lbs
    1385 kg (3054 lbs) heavier 7 kg to 1 hp 193 kg/s (426 lbs/s) 183 kg/L
    (404 lbs/L)
    2.4D DRIVe 1825 kg /
    4024 lbs
    1400 kg (3087 lbs) heavier 10 kg to 1 hp 196 kg/s (432 lbs/s) 304 kg/L
    (670 lbs/L)
    2.0 D3 1728 kg /
    3810 lbs
    1303 kg (2873 lbs) heavier 11 kg to 1 hp 176 kg/s (388 lbs/s) 254 kg/L
    (560 lbs/L)
    2.0 Drive 1719 kg /
    3790 lbs
    1294 kg (2853 lbs) heavier 11 kg to 1 hp 175 kg/s (386 lbs/s) 302 kg/L
    (666 lbs/L)
    2.4 D3 1788 kg /
    3943 lbs
    1363 kg (3006 lbs) heavier 11 kg to 1 hp 179 kg/s (395 lbs/s) 314 kg/L
    (692 lbs/L)
    2.0 T5 1698 kg /
    3744 lbs
    1273 kg (2807 lbs) heavier 7 kg to 1 hp 221 kg/s (487 lbs/s) 200 kg/L
    (441 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.4 D5
    Curb weight 1794 kg /
    3956 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1369 kg (1369 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 8 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 233 kg/s (514 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 315 kg/L
    (695 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.4D
    Curb weight 1816 kg /
    4004 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1391 kg (1391 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 11 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 175 kg/s (386 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 219 kg/L
    (483 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 3.0 T6
    Curb weight 1823 kg /
    4020 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1398 kg (1398 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 6 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 264 kg/s (582 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 170 kg/L
    (375 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 3.2
    Curb weight 1810 kg /
    3991 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1385 kg (1385 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 7 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 193 kg/s (426 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 183 kg/L
    (404 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.4D DRIVe
    Curb weight 1825 kg /
    4024 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1400 kg (1400 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 10 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 196 kg/s (432 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 304 kg/L
    (670 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 D3
    Curb weight 1728 kg /
    3810 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1303 kg (1303 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 11 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 176 kg/s (388 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 254 kg/L
    (560 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 Drive
    Curb weight 1719 kg /
    3790 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1294 kg (1294 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 11 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 175 kg/s (386 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 302 kg/L
    (666 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.4 D3
    Curb weight 1788 kg /
    3943 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1363 kg (1363 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 11 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 179 kg/s (395 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 314 kg/L
    (692 lbs/L)
    Vehicle 2.0 T5
    Curb weight 1698 kg /
    3744 lbs
    Difference from world's smallest 1273 kg (1273 lbs) heavier
    Weight to power ratio 7 kg to 1 hp
    0—60 mph acceleration ratio 221 kg/s (487 lbs/s)
    Consumption ratio 200 kg/L
    (441 lbs/L)